国家: country, nation, state...
原有: original, former...
残缺: badly damaged, shattered...
钦佩: to admire, to look up to, to respect sb greatly...
委员会: committee...
姥爷: maternal grandfather (dialectal)...
探测: to probe, to take readings, to explore, exploration...
过程: course of events, process...
干旱: drought, arid, dry...